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Largo di Torre Argentina is a square in Rome, Italy, that hosts four Republican Roman temples, and the remains of Pompey's Theatre. It is located in the ancient Campus Martius. The name of the square comes from the ''Torre Argentina'', which takes its name from the city of Strasbourg, whose Latin name was ''Argentoratum''. In 1503, the Papal Master of Ceremonies Johannes Burckardt, who came from Strasbourg and was known as "Argentinus", built in ''via del Sudario'' a palace (now at number 44), called ''Casa del Burcardo'', to which the tower is annexed. The other tower in the square is not the one giving the name to the place, but the Medieval ''Torre del Papito'' ("Little Pope's Tower"), attributed by tradition to Antipope Anacletus II Pierleoni, allegedly not a tall person. After Italian unification, it was decided to reconstruct part of Rome (1909), demolishing the zone of Torre Argentina. However, during the demolition work in 1927, the colossal head and arms of a marble statue were discovered. The archeological investigation brought to light the presence of a ''holy area'', dating to the Republican era, with four temples and part of Pompey's Theater. Julius Caesar was killed in the Curia of the Theatre of Pompey, and the spot he was believed to be assassinated is in the square. == Roman temples == The four temples, originally designated by the letters ''A'', ''B'', ''C'', and ''D'', front onto a paved street, which was reconstructed in the imperial era, after the fire of AD 80. The area was delineated to the North by the ''Hecatostylum'' (one-hundred columns porch) and the Baths of Agrippa, and to the South by the buildings related to the Circus Flaminius, to the East by the great porched square of ''Porticus Minucia Frumentaria'', and to the West by the Theatre of Pompey. ''Temple A'' was built in the 3rd century BC, and is probably the ''Temple of Juturna'' built by Gaius Lutatius Catulus after his victory against the Carthaginians in 241 BC.〔This identification is preferred over the one as Temple of ''Iuno Curritis'', because Ovid (''Fasti'' I) says: "Te quoque lux eadem Turni soror aede recepit/Hic, ubi Virginea Campus obitur aqua", thus posing the temple of Juturna near the Aqua Virgo, which ended at the Baths of Agrippa.〕 It was later rebuilt into a church, whose apse is still present. ''Temple B'', a circular temple ''(tholus)'' with six columns remaining, was built by Quintus Lutatius Catulus in 101 BC in fulfillment of his vow at the Battle of Vercellae.〔G. Marchetti-Longhi, "Gli scavi del Largo Argentina: II Tempio B," ''BullCom'' 76 (1956- 58): 45-118〕 The temple ''(aedes)'' was devoted to ''Fortuna Huiusce Diei'', "the Fortune of This Day." The colossal statue found during excavations and now kept in the Capitoline Museums was the statue of the goddess herself. Only the head, the arms, and the legs were made of marble: the other parts, covered by the dress, were of other materials, probably a wooden frame. This is known as an acrolithic statue. ''Temple C'' is the most ancient of the three, dating back to 4th or 3rd century BC, and was probably devoted to ''Feronia'' the ancient Italic goddess of fertility. After the fire of 80 AD, this temple was restored, and the white and black mosaic of the inner temple cell dates back to this restoration. ''Temple D'' is the largest of the four, dates back to 2nd century BC with Late Republican restorations, and was devoted to ''Lares Permarini'', but only a small part of it has been excavated (a street covers the most of it). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Largo di Torre Argentina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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